Different Types of Lenders

Wholesale and Retail Lenders

Wholesale lenders are banks or other institutions that do not deal directly with consumers, but offer their loans through third parties such as mortgage brokers, credit unions, other banks, etc. Often, these are large banks that also have retail operations that work with consumers directly. Many large banks, such as Bank of America and Wells Fargo, have both wholesale and retail operations.

In this type of lending, the wholesale lender is the one that is actually making the loan and whose name typically appears on loan documents. The third party – bank, credit union, or mortgage broker – in most cases is simply acting as an agent in return for a fee.

Retail lenders are exactly what they sound like, lenders who issue mortgages directly to individual consumers. They may either lend their own money or may act as an agent for Again, retail lending may simply be one function offered by a larger financial institution, which may also offer commercial, institutional and wholesale lending, as well as a range of other financial services.

Warehouse Lenders

Somewhat similar to wholesale lenders are warehouse lenders. The key difference here is that, instead of providing loans through intermediaries, they lend money to banks or other mortgage lenders Middletown with which to issue their own loans, on their own terms. The warehouse lender is repaid when the mortgage lender sells the loan to investors.

Mortgage Bankers

Another distinction is between portfolio lenders and mortgage bankers. The vast majority of U.S. mortgage lenders Middletown are mortgage bankers, who don’t lend their own money, but borrow funds at short-term rates from warehouse lenders (see above) to cover the mortgages they issue. Once the mortgage is made, they sell it to investors and repay the short-term note. Those mortgages are usually sold through Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which allows those agencies to set the minimum underwriting standards for most mortgages issue in the United States.

Portfolio Lenders

Portfolio lenders, on the other hand, use their own money when making home loans Middletown, which they typically maintain on their own books, or “portfolio.” Because they don’t have to satisfy the demands of outside investors, they can set their own terms for the loans they issue.

This makes portfolio lenders a good choice for “niche” borrowers who don’t fit the typical lender profile – perhaps because they’re seeking a jumbo loan, are considering a unique property, have flawed credit but strong finances, or may be looking at investment property. You may pay higher rates for this service, but not always – because portfolio lenders tend to be very careful who they lend to, their rates are sometimes quite low.